Q.26) Define JSON.
A. JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data-interchange format that is easy for humans to read and write and easy for machines to parse and generate, making it a popular choice for data transmission between web services and applications.
Q.27) What is CORS?
A. CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing) is a security feature implemented by web browsers to allow or restrict web applications running at one origin to access resources from another origin, preventing cross-origin HTTP requests by default for security reasons.
Q.28) Explain the concept of WebSockets.
A. WebSockets is a communication protocol that provides full-duplex communication channels over a single TCP connection, allowing for real-time, bidirectional data transfer between clients and servers in web applications.
Q.29) What is Docker?
A. Docker is a platform for developing, shipping, and running applications using containerization technology, which allows developers to package an application and its dependencies into a standardized unit called a container for easy deployment across different environments.
Q.30) Define Kubernetes.
A. Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration platform used for automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications, providing features such as service discovery, load balancing, and automated rollouts and rollbacks.
Q.31) What is DevOps?
A. DevOps is a set of practices that combines software development (Dev) and IT operations (Ops) to shorten the systems development life cycle and deliver software releases more frequently, reliably, and with better quality through automation and collaboration.
Q.32) Explain the concept of Continuous Integration (CI).
A. Continuous Integration is a software development practice where developers frequently integrate their code changes into a shared repository, with automated builds and tests triggered upon each integration to detect and fix integration errors early in the development process.
Q.33) What is Continuous Deployment (CD)?
A. Continuous Deployment is an extension of Continuous Integration where code changes that pass automated tests are automatically deployed to production environments, enabling rapid and frequent releases of software updates with minimal manual intervention.
Q.34) Define Agile methodology.
A. Agile methodology is an iterative approach to software development that emphasizes flexibility, collaboration, and customer feedback, with a focus on delivering working software in small, incremental releases rather than in one large release.
Q.35) What is Scrum?
A. Scrum is an Agile framework for managing complex projects, commonly used in software development, that emphasizes iterative and incremental delivery, self-organizing teams, and regular inspection and adaptation through short, time-boxed iterations called sprints.
Q.36) Explain the concept of Kanban.
A. Kanban is a visual management method used to visualize work, limit work in progress, and maximize efficiency in workflow, typically represented as a board with columns representing different stages of work and cards representing tasks or work items.
Q.37) What is a code review?
A. Code review is a systematic examination of source code by developers other than the author to find and fix defects, improve code quality, and ensure compliance with coding standards and best practices.
Q.38) Define version control.
A. Version control, also known as source control or revision control, is a system that manages changes to documents, source code, or any other collection of files over time, allowing multiple contributors to work on the same project simultaneously while keeping track of changes and maintaining a history of revisions.
Q.39) What is Git?
A. Git is a distributed version control system used for tracking changes in source code during software development, providing features such as branching, merging, and distributed collaboration, and widely adopted for its speed, flexibility, and decentralized architecture.
Q.40) Explain the concept of GitHub.
A. GitHub is a web-based platform for hosting and collaborating on Git repositories, providing features such as code hosting, version control, issue tracking, and pull requests, widely used by developers and organizations for open-source and private software projects.
Q.41) What is a data structure?
A. A data structure is a way of organizing and storing data in a computer so that it can be accessed and modified efficiently, with common examples including arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, and graphs.
Q.42) Define algorithm.
A. An algorithm is a set of step-by-step instructions or rules for solving a problem or completing a task, often represented as a finite sequence of well-defined computational steps that transform input data into output data.
Q.43) What is Big O notation?
A. Big O notation is a mathematical notation used to describe the worst-case or upper-bound complexity of an algorithm in terms of the growth rate of its time or space requirements as the size of the input data increases.
Q.44) Explain the concept of time complexity.
A. Time complexity is a measure of the amount of time an algorithm takes to solve a problem as a function of the size of the input data, typically expressed using Big O notation to describe the upper-bound behavior of the algorithm.
Q.45) What is space complexity?
A. Space complexity is a measure of the amount of memory an algorithm requires to solve a problem as a function of the size of the input data, typically expressed using Big O notation to describe the upper-bound memory usage of the algorithm.
Q.46) Define recursion.
A. Recursion is a programming technique where a function calls itself in order to solve smaller instances of the same problem, often used in algorithms involving self-similar subproblems or data structures like trees and graphs.
Q.47) What is dynamic programming?
A. Dynamic programming is a method for solving complex problems by breaking them down into simpler subproblems and solving each subproblem only once, storing the solutions to subproblems in a table to avoid redundant calculations and improve efficiency.
Q.48) Explain the concept of greedy algorithms.
A. Greedy algorithms are problem-solving methods that make locally optimal choices at each step with the hope of finding a global optimum solution, often used for optimization problems where a sequence of decisions must be made to achieve the best result.
Q.49) What is a hash table?
A. A hash table is a data structure that stores key-value pairs and allows for efficient insertion, deletion, and lookup operations by mapping keys to array indices using a hash function, providing constant-time average-case performance for these operations.
Q.50) Define binary search.
A. Binary search is a search algorithm that finds the position of a target value within a sorted array by repeatedly dividing the search interval in half and narrowing down the possible positions until the target value is found or the search interval is empty.
